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Gibraltor
Introduction:
Gibraltar
is a British dependency, comprising the rocky
promontory, called the Rock of Gibraltar (ancient
Calpe), that commands the western entrance to
the Mediterranean Sea, overlooking the Atlantic
Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea and acts as the
southernmost tip of Europe.
The Gibraltar separates the Rock from the coast
of North Africa.
The magnificent Strait of Gibraltar stretches
across North Africa reflecting it strategic past
as it makes its way down the western Mediterranean.
Connecting
the Rock with the Spanish mainland is a narrow,
sandy isthmus containing a neutral zone that separates
the British dependency from Spain. Gibraltar has
an area of 6.5 sq km (2.5 sq mi). Although it
is commonly thought to be the southernmost point
on the Iberian Peninsula, that is in fact Punta
de Tarifa, located about 27 km (17 mi) to the
south-west.
The Rock of
Gibraltar is composed of limestone. It arises
abruptly from the sea in the east; its slope is
more gradual on the west. The maximum elevation
is 426 m (1,396 ft). Aloes, cacti, capers, and
asparagus grow in the crevices. Certain parts
contain grassy glens, in which pigeons, partridges,
woodcocks, and the Barbary ape (the only wild
monkey of Europe) are found. Among the natural
caves of the promontory, St Michael's, with an
entrance 335 m (1,100 ft) above the sea, is the
largest. Climate is temperate, with temperatures
averaging 15.6° C (60° F) in winter and
21.1° C (70° F) in summer. Average annual
rainfall is 889 mm (35 in).
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